Noreen Murray: Molecular geneticist who helped develop a vaccine against hepatitis B

Noreen Parker moved to Bolton-le-Sands in 1940, aged 5. She attended Lancaster Girls’ Grammar School before studying botany at King’s College London and the University of Birmingham, where she received her PhD. She worked at Standford University, Cambridge and the Medical Research Council before settling at the University of Edinburgh. Working with her biochemist husband, Kenneth Murray, she helped develop a vaccine against Hepatitis B. This was the world’s first genetically engineered vaccine to receive approval for human use, and her work helped pioneer genetic engineering.

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